Category: Gardening

The neem tree (Azadirachta indica) is an incredibly versatile plant with many uses. In India it is known as “the village pharmacy”–over 75% of Ayurvedic remedies contain some form of neem!–and lately the tree has also been called “the world’s most researched tree.” But even though neem has been used traditionally for several thousand years it is still relatively unknown in the western world.

Apart from the seemingly all powerful neem oil–pressed or extracted from the seeds–there are a whole range of other neem products: neem capsules, neem soap, neem tea, neem bark powder… Most people have heard about neem oil only and they don’t know much about it. For neem to live up to its reputation you need to use the right neem product the right way, at the right time for the right purpose!

In this article I will look at the most common use of the oil: as an insect spray in the garden.

Neem oil is an absolutely wonderful alternative to chemical insecticides because it is totally non toxic to humans. If used correctly it works wonders and it only affects the bad bugs while leaving the good bugs unharmed.

The keywords in the above sentence are “if used correctly.” Here are seven things you should understand about neem oil before you use it in the garden.

1. Neem oil is NOT an instant knock down insecticide. Neem does not kill insects or grubs instantly! It acts as a feeding repellent and it also interrupts their breeding cycle. Neem is similar to insect hormones. When insects take up the neem ingredients they “forget” to eat, to mate, or they stop laying eggs. Some forget that they can fly. If eggs are produced they don’t hatch, or the larvae don’t moult. Don’t conclude neem doesn’t work just because it doesn’t kill everything instantly. Neem oil needs to be used regularly. Spray it once a week to once a fortnight and it WILL protect your garden from sucking and chewing bugs.
2. Neem CAN kill honey bees. Neem is not toxic to honey bees or other beneficial insects but it can certainly kill them! Any oil you spray can coat insects and suffocate them. In that respect neem oil makes no difference between good and bad bugs: coat them with oil and they suffocate. To protect beneficial insects, only spray neem in the very early morning or late afternoon, when insects are least active. Once the oil has dried it only harms the bad bugs.
3. Neem CAN harm your plants. If a little bit helps, then more will help better. Right? Wrong! Any oil spray can burn plants. If you spray during the day it burns better. Again, use neem spray early in the morning or late in the afternoon, so it can dry before the sun hits it. Some plants are so sensitive, they don’t need the sun to suffer. Having their delicate leaves coated with too much oil is bad enough. Stick to the instructions! Use the lowest concentration and do a little test application first. Neem oil is strong stuff. A little goes a long way.
4. Neem CAN harm aquatic organisms. This aspect is rarely mentioned. Research studies showed that neem ingredients can hurt many aquatic organisms, including fish and tadpoles. Luckily it takes more than just traces to do damage. Spraying near ponds is generally safe, but do not spray neem directly into the water.
5. Neem oil is NOT registered as an insecticide. In most countries neem oil is not registered as an insecticide or insect repellent. So the sellers are not allowed to call it that or to mention that it kills or deters insects. If you try to buy neem at the local hardware store, don’t look in the aisle with the poisons. Rather look for leaf polish… Seriously, that’s what one manufacturer sells it as. The easiest way to find it? Ask for it. But beware…
6. All neem oils are NOT made equal. Many people hear about neem oil, go to the hardware store or garden center and buy some “neem plant spray” or “neem based insecticide” or other ready to use mixture of who knows what. Some of those bottles contain nasty chemicals with a bit of token neem. Few contain raw neem oil–the most potent neem oil–but rather a clarified hydrophobic extract. Those extracts are not as powerful as the raw or crude neem oil. The best neem oil to buy is raw, cold pressed, organic oil with a high Azadirachtin content. Azadirachtin is the main insecticidal ingredient and most sellers of good neem oil advertise the high Azadirachtin content. By the way, you are unlikely to find the raw oil at your local hardware store. Try health food stores instead!
7. Neem oil STINKS! The descriptions of the smell vary. Rancid peanut butter, rancid garlic, rancid burnt onions… do you detect a theme here? How about garlicky peanut butter with some rotten eggs thrown in?

I’d say, just get some and come up with your own description. And get used to it. Because the stuff really works!

An upside down garden is not only a great idea but it works wonders too. Now you don’t need to be an expert in growing a garden, neither will you need to do a lot of hard work to get a decorative and great looking garden. All you need are hanging garden planters and you are on your way.

Some of the advantages that are hanging garden containers have:

-Hanging containers are ready to be used and come with their own instructions for filling the soil and planting the seedling. In other manual planters, you would need to make the planters from the scratch. Moreover, pre made planters have standard holes and standard sizes. You may not find the perfect container sizes right away if you make your own. Also you would need a drill or a utility knife to make a hole. Not many time starved people would want to invest their time and energy in making the containers.

-These containers can be used for growing various types of vegetables, herbs and flowers for a great looking garden that happens to be upside down.

-Since plants growing upside down do not touch the ground, there is less possibility of weeds and insects destroying the blossoms or the fruits. It also reduces the chances of the fruits rotting away.

-Watering the seedlings is quite simple. The plants are often healthier when they are grown in hanging planters.. The nutrients and water flows directly through the plants via gravity making them vibrant and healthy. The pre made planters so readily available are very reasonably priced and can be shipped to any place that you want.

-The planters can be shifted around and this will allow you’re upside down gardening pleasure to be taken with you if you plan to shift your home. Your hanging garden can be created on a terrace, balcony and any open space that you may have. Since these planters can get very heavy, it’s advised that they should be secured according to the instructions. Else your tomato planter has a great chance of falling on the ground and becoming a ground garden.

Inserting the seedling

For growing upside down tomatoes in a hanging planter, all that is required is some good potting soil that should have been mixed with compost and fertilizer. You can get ready made potting soil which has a mixture of all three from your nearest garden shop. Now choose the plant seedlings that you require for your hanging garden.

Before inserting the plants in the containers, all you need to do is remove the holding cup. Slowly ease in the seedling and leave as much of the stem as you can. The stem will sprout more roots giving added advantage to the plant.

Watering the plant

Fill the container with potting soil using a small cup. If you fill the planter directly from a heavy potting soil bag, then your seedling can be damaged.

When it’s filled adequately, replace the top lid of the container (the container comes with its own lid). Add a gallon of water to the container such that the soil is adequately moist. This helps the plant to soak up the nutrients. It will make your upside down garden healthier.

Ensure that you follow these steps for getting the upside down garden that you want.

Vegetable gardening shouldn’t be hard work. Look at all of the abundance that mother nature grows, do you see her out digging, weeding, pruning, fertilizing? No, of course not! Natural systems do all of the work and synergistic vegetable gardening puts those systems to work in your garden, producing a bountiful harvest the natural way.

So how do you get started building a synergistic vegetable garden?

#1. Build raised beds. You don’t need to build wooden frameworks and fill them with soil. Just create long mounds of soil about 4 feet wide and 10 – 30 inches high. Flatten the top of the mound.

#2. Cover the mound with mulch. This can be a mixture of materials – straw, shredded cardboard, sheeps wool, leaves, sawdust, shredded branches, newspaper etc.

#3. A few days before you are ready to start planting open the mulch on top of the bed to allow the soil to warm up.

#4. Plant seedlings in the bed and close the mulch back up around the plants. Seeds are planted in the same way.

#5. Place beneficial plants – called companion plants – through out your garden. You can plant them into the sides of the beds. Marigolds, will for example protect your plants from nematodes.

#6. Do not use compost on your garden or add fertilizer. It is not necessary and causes harm to the soil.

#7. When it is time to harvest from your garden, cut plants off just above the soil and leave the roots in place. All of the vegetation that is not used should be placed on top of the mulch right where that plant was growing.

#8. Never walk on your beds, till them or dig them.

#9. Weeding is still necessary at first, but due to the mulch the amount of weeds will be greatly reduced. Over time as the mulch builds up, less weed seeds will find there way into the soil.

#10. Water the beds during dry spells. The mulch prevents a hard surface developing on your soil which leads to water run off. The mulch also reduces evaporation. A hummus rich soil holds onto water, making it available to the plants for longer.

So there you have the basics in a nutshell. The idea of synergistic gardening is to mimic a system which builds the soil naturally. It is the bacteria and earthworms in our soil that create this fertility through their life processes. We do not need to interfere with a process that nature has perfected. When we do, we just create more work for ourselves along with reduced soil fertility.

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In this age of global warming of our planet, increasing pollution and fast food, many people no longer are confident of fresh products that are offered as many try to exert some control over what they eat.

Similarly, chemicals that have been used for so long within gardens are no longer accepted as the only means of channeling the vicissitudes of nature.

One of the key ways to improve our environment (and our health) is to ‘be organic. “

Why organic gardening?

Organic gardening is one that uses only naturally occurring materials and does not use artificial fertilizers or chemicals.

Try to work with nature rather than against it.

Advantage

Organically grown foods taste better than those grown with artificial fertilizers.

Costs: the organic material can be created by returning all waste back to the land, which is a cheap process compared to Inorganic which tend to be way more expensive in the long run.

Same with chemical sprays, If an orchard where parasites do not prove a problem is created, it saves a lot in the cost of chemicals.

Another advantage is that by adding organic material to Earth, it keeps getting better, pitching chemicals ultimately impoverishes the soil.

The size of the fruits of an organic garden are usually larger and higher quality.

Tips for planning organic garden

The first step to take when planning a garden is to make a list of what you want from it, imagine what you can achieve within the space and time available.

Once you have determined the priorities, then its time to situate or organize space available within that garden.

Some areas will be sunnier, others will have better land or soil, some spots much more humid and so on.

To cultivate a good garden you will have to look for the best position in relation to the sun and air.

If weeds grow better in one part than another, this may mean that the land is better there, Note the areas which have sun all day or only a partial day.

Caring for the Earth

Land is the most important part of your garden, the soil composition varies so keep a watch for this variance.

Sandy soils are very light and friable and easily drain.

The clay is formed consists of fine particles that stick together creating the stickiness characteristic of the clay. Clay drains very slowly, so clay soils create a wet and slippery environment in which few plants feel comfortable. Sticky and dry land is also very difficult to work.

Between these two types, clay and sandy soils can be improved simply by addition of fertile mulch.

A soil may be acidic or alkaline. The relative acidity / alkalinity of the soil pH is measured on a scale of 0 to 14 where 7 is neutral.

For the best organic garden soil it should be on the acid side of neutral point, at point 6.5, Below that the soil is too acidic and will not allow some minerals that plants need.

But clay soils, sandy, alkaline or acid can be modified.

Another consideration of soil structure is its profile. usually in a garden the topsoil contains the best land. The layer beneath it is known as groundwater. And below this is the true underground.
It is essential to keep these layers in their respective places.

Identification of layers of earth

Surface layer: is the darkest and richest part of the garden profile. It is where plants grow mainly and also where the most worms, bacteria and insects reside, many of them beneficial for plant growth.

Finally we must consider the area of hardness which can occur between the different soil layers. This is a correctable problem if it is not known early, If not correct it may compromise ones digging depth.

Soil analysis

To find out if your garden soil is clayey or sandy place a sample of it in a jar with water then shake it up, allow the different components to settle in layers and any organic material will float to the top.

For their ability to retain or lose water, dig a hole depth of a shovel and fill with water. Allow to drain and refill the hole. If that water disappears quickly that means that the soil drains well too. On the other hand if you still there after a few hours or even days it is clear that it is blocked to the opposite extreme.

If it disappears on a regular basis in half an hour or so, then its usage and capacity is correct.

There are several natural indicators of acidity or alkalinity of your soil. For example, if ferns are rowing in your garden or rhododendrons this means the soil is acidic.

Improve the land

Once the soil is analyzed only then will it be possible to see what can be done to improve it.

In light soils, such as gritty, its best to add decomposed organic material, this will help retain moisture and also provide nutrients for plants.

Clay soils are more problematic to treat, especially because they are hard and difficult to work. To improve it, you must add stones (gravel), because it improves drainage, separates the soil and makes it easier to work.

You can also add ash burnt weeds, organic material in the form of manure or poultry manure also help transform the ground into a lighter medium. Worms will constantly break it up and mix with the ground, worms will mulch most of the new layer down so that the original ground becomes fertile and usable again.

Sewer system

Drainage is an important part of improving the your soil. In the waterlogged terrain you can add gravel but if it’s a serious problem with water stagnating after each downpour, you must install a proper drainage system.

This is done by digging ditches in the form of drainage pipes.

Cover with small stones or simply fill trenches with gravel covered rubble.

An alternative is to use water to create a pond then install water drainage pipes.

Gardening is not just about planting seeds and then sit back and wait for the harvest. In between these two events weeds try to colonize the bare soil and crop eating bugs seek these succulent plants.

Gardener job is to prevent this from happening.

For some, hoeing and weeding can be a very relaxing and not to mention therapeutic. When control of weeds or soil balance is lost, the gardening becomes a battle.

The secret is “little and often”. If time permits devote an hour a day.

Another obstacle will be nature, it tends to get in the way of the gardener with occasional bad weather.

You can take steps to minimize their effect:

Wind

Creates several problems. First the wind can easily bring down the whole garden bed.

Windbreaks is something to consider in setting up any garden, although it may not be essential if you live in an urban area where the buildings protect it from the wind, but in rural areas it can be vital.

The best windbreaks are those that allow air to seep through. Although a wall or a fence will have a solid look and seem the best against strong winds, actually they cause much turbulence that can be as devastating as the wind itself.

A row of trees allows the wind to seep through naturally.

A much quicker solution is to build a fence to allow the wind to pass through it, It can be built of wood or bamboo.

A modern alternative is to use screens, sold especially for this. this type of wind shield must be firmly anchored in the ground and need to be renewed or replaced from time to time.

A hedge creates a perfect barrier slowing the wind causing it to seep through at a moderate stream.

Cold

The cold is not bad during the winter. It helps break down and kill the bugs that have surfaced. But when spring starts and you have started plantations, frost can be a killer or at very least a hindrance.

The gaps can be covered with metal or fabric, place a fence or a hedge at an angle across the slope above the frost hole so that the cold air is diverted to one side and go elsewhere. A row of shrubs or curve as V uphill also divert cold air frost.

It is always advisable to have a flower garden near a field of vegetables. In some cases it may even help to mix the two.

An alternative preferred by many organic gardeners is to create a series of raised beds, each with one type or more of vegetables, planted in blocks rather than in rows.

Some plants grow better in containers or trays for planting later.

It is best to plant on cold days, preferably if there is a possibility that a light rain may fall. The damp and cold help the plant survive.

Unwanted and nasty weeds can be a nuisance in any garden if they get out of hands. Most of the people use chemicals and other toxic substances to control weeds in their garden. However, there are many other home remedies that can be used for getting rid of unwanted weeds. These home remedies are non-toxic and they are also inexpensive weed killers.

Homemade weed killers are far better than the harmful toxins as they do not contaminate the soil. Excessive usage of chemical based herbicides can harm your plants and turf as well. So, it is advisable to use alternatives for weed control. One of the basic weed control method is to pull them by hand as soon as they appear. But this method is generally not very effective if the weed growth is excessive.

Some of the effective home remedies for weed control that you can try in your home garden are:

Vinegar: Vinegar can be directly sprayed on the weeds. It is advisable not to dilute vinegar as the concentrated liquid will be more effective. The best time to use vinegar is when there is no chance of rainfall as it gives vinegar time to penetrate the roots and kill the weeds. Take care while applying vinegar on the weeds and avoid spraying it on the roots of your plants and seedlings.

Boiling Water: You can pour boiling water directly on the weeds to kill them. This method can potentially harm the turf as well so apply carefully on the weeds. This method is safe for pets, humans and also the environment.

Salt: Salt is another very effective way which can help in getting rid of unwanted weeds. However, excessive use of salt can damage the surrounding soil, as salt can easily seep into the ground. You can apply salt directly over the weeds and diluted salt with water can also be sprayed on the weeds. Make sure to use this method only in places where you do not want any growth.

Lemon Juice: Lemon juice is pretty much like kitchen vinegar, you can apply it directly on the weeds to control them.

Newspapers: If you have a large area that has been affected by weeds then you can effectively control them by covering the area with a thick layer of newspaper. The newspapers will not allow sunlight to reach the weeds and it would eventually kill them.

Apart from all these easy homemade remedies you can also try Citrus Oil, Soap Water and Liquid dish detergent to get rid of weeds from your home garden.

It is easier and probably much less expensive to buy and plant roses that are common, but when you purchase a few rare roses, it adds immense value to any garden or to any occasion. It makes the experience more authentic. The most popular rose is, of course, the red rose, as it conveys the message of devotion, love and respect, but will it not mean so much more if you give someone or even show someone a unique, rare rose?

Many rare roses can be man-made. For example, black roses are made by intensifying the color of a very deep-red and many times you will find that people, in fact, use dyes on roses to give them different colors. You will not see black ones in nature and usually symbolize bereavement and death. You do find blue roses in nature, but to enhance this color, people usually take white roses and dye them. Blue roses are among the rarest, because the color is difficult to achieve. They are, however, some of the most visually pleasing ones and are seen in pop culture, music, television and theater productions. Purple roses are also extremely rare and symbolize enchantment and charm. They are made by mixing blue and red rose-hues. Taking care of rare roses is also no problem and requires little effort, because they merely need enough water and little exposure to harsh elements of nature.

There are countless types of rare roses that can make your garden unique and add individuality to your surroundings. For example, Oranges ‘n Lemons is a yellow and orange stripes rose with double blooms. It is vivid and gives off a mild fragrance. The Celebrity rose is classified as a hybrid tea rose with a yellow color and fruity fragrance. Another rare hybrid tea rose is the Bride’s Dream. This rose has a delicate pink color, a mild rose fragrance and very large blooms. Some shops will refer to it as either the Marchenkoningin or the Fairy Tale Queen due to its “royal” appearance. Another member of the royal rose family is the Diana, Princess of Wales, a rose with different shades of pink and a sweet tea-rose fragrance. This rose needs protection in winter, just like the Brigadoon, an elegant pink and white rose with a mild and almost spicy scent. This rose is for the adventure spirited.

For the playful heart, there is the Topsy-Turvy, a dark red or white and red floribunda with an eye-popping firecracker shape when it is opened. The fragrance contains elements of apple. More rare and beautiful rose types include Madame Louis Lévêque, which is a deep pink moss rose. This one blooms throughout the season. You can also find the Joseph’s Coat, which, being true to its name, is a colorful red and orange rose equipped with thorns. The mister Lincoln, on the other hand, is a big and bright red hybrid tea with a very strong fragrance.

1. Practical Matters

Some of the main reasons that stand out are as follows. Containers can be moved as most appropriate and needed; some are even on wheels, and they come in all sizes. Furthermore, they are increasingly made of sturdy lightweight modern materials. Best of all you can readily move them away from areas prone to deer and other hungry animals and place your plants in a protected spot, like a deck, patio, screened porch or even indoors. Rex Begonia make great additions to container planters.

You can avoid the need for fencing in some cases. You can move the planters according to the amount of sunlight needed. You gain flexibility of all sorts, such as planting flowers in window boxes and on railings or walls. You can easily keep changing your decor.

2. Beautifying the Outdoors of Homes

Choosing containers is a wonderful way to express your personal tastes. You can use contemporary, traditional, eclectic or contrasting styles to make a statement. This will be recognized by visitors the moment they step up to your home. This can be done by decorating the mail box, having large planters by the driveway and at the entrance of your home.

My favorite spot at my home is my deck that I surrounded with azaleas and ground covers, and on the deck I had colorful flowers that would have been eaten had they been outdoors and unprotected by fencing except for the large azaleas. One of the flowers I could and did plant, however, without the deer eating them were lambs ears, lavender. Some ferns survived also.

In the gardens of row houses and town homes, I marvel these days at how owners and renters have transformed small spaces by the very clever artistic use of planter boxes and a variety of pots some made from old objects they happened to have. These features often fit in well with decorative stepping stones or small raised garden beds. The raised beds make the task much easier both for establishing a proper soil with less digging and to reach everywhere for keeping the area tidy and lovely. In that way. they resemble planters and pots.

3. Spiffing Up the Indoors of Homes and Apartments

In large open spaces, usually inside contemporary homes, very large planters are sometimes used beautifully as dividers to separate living sections for beauty and privacy while maintaining an open airy feeling.

The trend in kitchens is for them to be open to the living areas. This fact makes people all the more interested in incorporating pots for both herbs and for plants and flowers to beautify their space and improve the air quality. There are many attractive and whimsical planters and stands for use indoors as well as outdoors.

House guests always appreciate a small plant or vase with flowers in the bedroom or in the bathroom. After all, bathrooms, like kitchens, have become a place that is important for relaxing and for the eyes to feast upon. I find that for bathrooms small plants or vases usually work best, but of course it all depends on the size of the space and your taste.

These are some highlights on the topic. In conclusion, it should now be increasingly evident why decorating and gardening are facilitated and enhanced by planters, pots and vases that are to your liking.

When it comes to pest control, you can spend all sorts of money hiring exterminators or buying smelly (and often toxic) sprays and chemicals for your home, but in some cases, you may not need to go to such extremes. There are a lot of completely natural insect and pest control remedies out there, many of which our ancestors have been using with great success for countless generations. You’ll be pleased to know that many of these useful items can be found in the average household.

Though pest control can refer to dealing with pest birds, bugs, and rodents, this article will focus on getting rid of insects.

Insect Control in the Garden

Believe it or not, aluminum foil can successfully keep hungry insects and slugs away from your vegetable garden. Simply mix strips of aluminum foil in with your garden mulch to deter bugs and slugs. In addition, since foil is reflective, it will shine light back up onto your plants, giving them a solar boost.

Mothballs are another handy insect control device for the garden. You’ve probably heard of using mothballs in the closet to protect your sweaters, but you can also use them to kill bugs on potted plants. Simply place the plant in a clear plastic bag (i.e. a cleaning bag), add a few mothballs, and seal the bag for a week. When you take the plant out, it will be bug-free (and moths will stay away for a while too). Animals also hate the smell of mothballs, so you can toss a few into your garden and flowerbed as well, to keep away cats, dogs, and rodents.

Did you know onions are a natural pesticide as well? Here’s an easy-to-make concoction that will repel insects (and animals too) in your flowers and vegetables: Use a blender to puree 4 onions, 2 cloves of garlic, 2 tablespoons of cayenne pepper, and one quart of water. Put the mixture aside and then dilute 2 tablespoons of soap flakes in 2 gallons of water. Pour all the contents in your blender, stir it up, and this gives you an Eco-friendly bug spray to use on your plants.

Black pepper is another home remedy that works great for pest control in the garden. If insects are harassing your flowers, plants, and vegetables, simply mix pepper with flour and sprinkle it around your plants. Bugs won’t be so eager to munch.

Lastly, you can make your own rock dust to get rid of insects in the garden.

Insect Control in the House

Dog and cat food, which is often left out around the clock, can be quite a temptation to ants and other insects. A simple way to make these six-legged intruders lose interest is to place a border of baking soda around the pet food bowls. Baking soda won’t bother your pets (though they probably won’t be keen on the taste), so it’s no worry for them if they lap a bit up with their meal.

Another household item good at getting rid of insects is vinegar. For example, if your latest trip to the farmers’ market brought back fruit flies as well as healthy victuals, then you can make traps for the flies by filling an old jar about halfway full with apple cider vinegar. Punch a few holes in the top, screw it back on, and the fruit flies will be attracted and trapped.

These are just a few of the easy ways to use simple household items to get rid of insects. So when you’re having a problem, don’t be so eager to pick up a can of chemical-filled bug spray. Look for natural solutions, and you will very likely find them!

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Homemade Pesticide Recipes

How would you like to know a few homemade pesticide recipes that are not only safe, but will cost you next to nothing? It’s still possible to keep your garden free from pests without toxins and harmful chemicals.

Most chemical pesticides are toxic to humans as well as pets and small animals that may enter your yard or garden. That’s why homemade pesticides make a lot more sense.

Here are a few of the most common homemade pesticide recipes for your houseplants, yard and garden.

Homemade Pesticide For Snails and Slugs
Diatomaceous earth is a powder-like dust made of tiny marine organisms called diatoms. It is effective on soft-bodied insects as well as snails and slugs. Just spread it on top of the soil and it works by cutting and irritating these soft organisms yet is harmless to other organisms. You can also put out shallow dishes of beer to trap snails and slugs.

To Keep Bugs Away From Houseplants
This is the safest natural pesticide for any home gardener and is effective on a variety of bugs and insects. Mix 3 tablespoons of liquid detergent into a gallon of water. Use in a sprayer bottle for houseplants.

Another Bugs Away From Houseplants Mix
To keep bugs away from houseplants, mix 1 clove garlic, 1 small hot pepper and 1 quart water in a blender. Pour into a spray bottle and apply to plants. Putting hot sauce on a cotton ball in a house plant pot will also repel pests.

Cabbage worms and Spider Mites Mix
For garden pests like cabbage worms and spider mites, mix 2 tablespoons of salt in 1 gallon of water and use in a sprayer bottle.

To Control Garden Pests
Gather together a collection of dead bugs, crush them up and mix with water. Strain the mix until it will come out of a spray bottle. Only use this mix outside.

Spearmint Hot Pepper Horseradish Spray
This is effective on many different kinds of outside bugs and insects and should be an outside spray.

• 1/4 cup of hot red peppers
• 1/2 gallon water
• 1/4 cup of fresh spearmint
• 1/4 cup horseradish, both root and leaves
• 1 tablespoons of liquid detergent
• 1/4 cup green onion tops

Mix the spearmint leaves, horseradish, onion tops and peppers together with enough water to cover everything. Then strain the solution. Add a half-gallon of water and the detergent. You can use this to spray almost any plant safely. Store the mixture for a few days in a cool place.

Natural Pesticide for Aphids and Whiteflies
Mix a few drops of dishwashing detergent with water and spray on plants leaves. This is extremely effective in controlling many soft-bodied insects such as aphids and whiteflies.

Homemade Pesticide For Roses
In your blender make a solution of leaves from a tomato plant 4 pints of water and a tablespoon of cornstarch. Strain the mix and spray on roses as a natural pesticide. Keep any unused spray refrigerated.

Natural pesticides can work well for any home gardener and are much safer for you and your family. After you try a few of these recipes you’ll understand that they really work. If you want to control pests naturally instead of chemically, homemade pesticides may be the ideal choice.

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In this article we will discuss how to design a strictly formal garden on a large, rectangular area. Designing formal garden needs a little bit of hard work on your behalf. You have to keep all the main points and area in mind while designing a layout. It is said that formality and symmetry go hand in hand, therefore it is vital for you to set up a central axis around which borders and features would be arranged. It is often observed that the main viewing position in the house rarely central to the lawn. Usually a good deal of work is done on the left side of the axis and the right hand boundary is at an odd angle.

The patio should be set up in a symmetrical layout as far as it reaches to a curved step down onto a garden. There are so many things and factors which hinder your way to build a perfectly symmetrical patio. You can make use of two narrow raised beds along the edge of the patio to get a formal layout of the patio, but remember they may not be firmly symmetrical. The width of the beds along with other things around them should be around 400 mm (16 inches).

The steps like all other layouts are flush with the lawn along its entire length and this would extend to a path running out to a fountain and circular pool. To achieve the formality, the either side of the path is set with lavender hedge. The path can be extended to the farthest end up to the seat or you can end it at the pond, all depends on your design and choices. Two beds approaches the house long the paving area from the end of the garden. They are idea for herbaceous flowers or bush roses. To achieve the formality, you need to plan your planting such a way that they will present and image of each other.

For winter season, you can maintain the formal spirit of your garden by introducing some evergreen shrubs in your garden. It is a great idea to include an evergreen shrub in the center of the bed; a tall, narrow conifer will certainly look more effective. The best place to plant the shrubs is on the back of the seat. Herbaceous flowers and roses on either side of the seat will emphasize the colorful scheme and provide scent for those sitting nearby.

What you need to do is to emphasize the clever selection of the plants for your garden to give it a formal touch. The left hand side of the house contains a significant pergola underneath which is a passage to garden. The paving under the pergola leads you to the utility area and further extended towards a small kitchen garden. Soft fruits and vegetables should be grown in this small kitchen garden, and the two sections of the garden are separated by a formal hedge. Though, both the sections of the garden have an easy access.

The left and the right hand corners of the garden can be used for storing compost and garden rubbish.

Some Cool Facts About Tulips

• Tulips have been around since approximately 1554 making them one of the oldest garden perennials.
• Visitors from the Ottoman Empire to Europe wore tulips in their turbans. The tulip flower means lale in Arabic and is considered a holy symbol.
• Between 1634 and 1637 tulips almost crashed the Dutch economy as they became so incredibly popular their value increased and they were traded like currency!
• The Turkish Ottoman Empire experienced a period known as “tulip mania” between 1718 and 1730, when the cultivation of tulips defined nobility and privilege. A common uprising and revolt occurred when the price of bulbs became too much for ordinary folk to bear.

How to Grow Fantastic Tulips

Tulips are fond of mountain region climates by nature, however, a quick tour of your neighborhood each spring will reveal many gardens contain a glossy display of colorful tulips. What’s the secret to growing tulips?

Tip 1. Buy reputable tulip bulbs from your garden center and make sure full instructions are written on the back. That sounds obvious, but as a regular at garden centers, I’ve noticed a few cheap brands skimp on some important details such as what time of year to plant them, what shade/sun is required, and how deep to plant the bulbs.

Tulips should be planted with the pointy end upwards, and around 20-25cm underground. One of the most common errors when planting tulip bulbs is to plant them too shallow. Depending on the kind of tulip you buy, each tulip could yield between 1-4 flower heads, and most need to be planted around 20-25cm apart. I have seen people plant them closer together, however this will cause you problems in future years, when you dig them up to space them out a bit (as the plant is perennial and grows back and ‘spawns’ new blooms each year – in English and European climates, especially).

Tip 2. Deciding where to plant your tulips can be part of a grand experiment. This year, I planted some in a border near daffodils, some in hanging baskets where I had a spare bit of space, one or two in a ground planter and approximately 40 in row sets under wood-chip bark. Each lot of tulips have come up, successfully revealing the gorgeous bloom for which they were intended! (You can see by now I’m a bit tulip-crazy!)

The best looking tulips, health-wise, are the ones I planted in full sun in a hanging basket. The leaves are pest-free, and the potting mix seems to have nurtured them into full bloom. The only negatives are tulips near the sides might not reach a good height as the top is touching the hanging basket chain. Planting many and close together in a small hanging basket does work, yet considering they top out at about 30 cm tall, take that into account when deciding where to plant them. By the way, these tulips are sharing the basket space with pansy flowers, which seem to be amiable companions for them. My other lot are in a ground planter with a cyclamen, and whilst they seem happy, the cyclamen is not. I’m not sure they like sharing space with other bulbs (the cyclamen, that is).

One thing to remember wherever you plant your tulips, the green leaves come up around February time, the flowers mid-late April, and the blooms are all done by June at the latest. For the rest of the year the bed will look a bit bare. I suggest you plant something compatible with them on the surface, so if you are not too sure about this (I wasn’t) experiment with hanging baskets to see what works. Around the neighbors’ houses I’ve seen tulips planted under low-lying ground cover plants, the grassy borders of tree trunks, or pansy flower beds. I can see why no-one puts them under a large bush – they need light and height. If surrounded by too many bulbs they won’t come up so great either, it seems from my observations. However, the exception to that rule seems to be they will share a spot with the humble daffodil – as long as there’s room – otherwise the “daff” wins the spot, every time. by inference, you’ll need to prepare any bed you plant tulips in by digging the soil over deeply (to 35-40cm) and pulling out bulbs that are already in there by hand. These include bluebells, daffodil and snowdrop bulbs which could all potentially inhabit a garden bed. This is particularly relevant if you’ve inherited a new garden to play around with. If you haven’t seen the spring flower show, be prepared to dig!

Tip 3. The pests that can attack your tulips include the four-legged kind! The bulbs, which resemble onions in their smell, are attractive to burrowers when tulips are newly planted. There’s not much food around in October/November time, as autumn becomes winter, and believe me, if you’ve spent hours planting a tulip bed, as I did, you won’t appreciate a badger coming around and having a little meal. The solution here is to plant the bulbs at the correct depth in the ground (25-30cm), cover with soil, firmly press down and immediately water. One of the main reasons I put mine under wood-chip this year was to deter cats using the bare bed as litter tray (and possibly digging them up), and foxes deciding the bare garden was a good area for them to pass through, have a little sleep, or bury some bones they are fond of.

Once the tulips begin to show signs of budding, there is the need to watch out for squirrels. They love to eat the head of the tulips! After all that effort you could lose them all – so aside from using an air rifle and being an incredible shot – if you live near squirrels you can forget about growing tulips. Have a little think about this – how many tulips do you see growing in public parks where squirrels roam loose? Exactly! (Or maybe public gardeners are a great shot?)

Another pest which can put little holes all through the leaves is the common garden slug. Slug pellets will keep them at bay, but not totally eliminate them. If you are not too worried about a few nibbles, the tulip flowers will come up just fine, but the leaves look a little mottled. I’ll say straight off I use organic pellets so the birds can eat the dead slugs, which seems a pleasing result for all concerned.

In a second and third year of growth (which you will get if you plant little ground covers, pansies or compatible plants with shallow roots above your tulips) the leaves are much more robust. After the first year you will have a super-strong showing. Add fresh manure or garden compost around Autumn and re-cover the bed with wood-chip or the plants I’ve suggested. I’ve noticed slugs can also be slowed down by wood-chip (which is why I tried this as we are infested with the critters where I live), and of course, the usual slug traps will work too. When you notice more blooms, or crowded beds, you need to dig up the plants just after they bloom, and replant them (deeply) to give them the extra room needed for your next season (usually do this every four years or so).

You should be able to avoid the pest of tulip fungus as long as you keep the bed moist, but not over-watered, and remember to give them a little water on a dry day. This was another reason I tried wood-chip this year, to keep the level of moisture locked into the bed. This has worked a treat, and I now have a garden full of glory. I hope you have an amazing time experimenting with tulip growing in your garden!